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Weimarer Passion
The work commonly referred to as the ''Weimarer Passion'', BWV deest (BC D 1), is a musical composition among the ''Passions'' written by Johann Sebastian Bach, composed in 1717 for at least two solo voices, choir and orchestra with text by an unknown librettist. Both the text and music are lost, but many movements from this work have been reused in other forms and at other times. At one time, it was thought that the work set chapters 26 and 27 of the Gospel of Matthew to music, with interspersed chorales and arias, but current consensus is that it is possible that the text reflected a synopsis of two or more Gospel texts, as well as the interspersed chorales and arias.
==Background==
There has been much written about this work since Bach's death. Of the five Passion settings mentioned in his Obituary written by Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach and Sebastian's former pupil Johann Friedrich Agricola, two have come down to us with any degree of certainty (the ''St John Passion'' BWV 245 (BC D 2a-e) and the ''St Matthew Passion'' BWV 244 (BC D 3a-b)). A third has come down to us in the form of a libretto dating 1731 (published 1732) and a newly discovered libretto dating from 1744 (found in the National Library in St. Petersburg (No. 17,139.1.423 )).〔Schabalina, Tatjana. "Texte zur Music" in St. Petersburg - Weitere Funde". Bach-Jahrbuch, vol. 95 (2009). pp. 11-48.〕 A fourth has come down to us in the form of a manuscript copy by Bach and his son Carl Philipp Emanuel dating from c. 1730 (with an addition recently discovered in Bach's hand dating from c. 1745/1746) of an anonymous (the original has been lost) ''St Luke Passion'' that originally was attributed to Bach (BWV 246 (D 6 )), but has now been attributed to a yet unknown master that was active in Thuringia in the early 18th century (possibly ending in ca. 1717) (the attribution to Johann Melchior Molter has been rejected based on the fact that some of the material in the manuscript was done in Carl Philipp Emanuel's hand, and that he (Emanuel) left Leipzig in 1734 for Frankfurt an der Oder). Much speculation has been made over the identity of the fifth Passion setting. Theories have ranged from a one-choir setting of the ''St Matthew Passion'' ("Eine Paßion nach dem Matthäus, incomplet" was listed in the "Verzeichniß des musikalischen Nachlasses des verstorbenen Capellmeisters Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach" (1714–1788) published by Gortlieb Friedrich Schniebes in Hamburg in 1790).〔Schniebes, Gortlieb Friedrich. Verzeichniß des musikalischen Nachlasses des verstorbenen Capellmeisters Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714-1788). Hamburg: Gortlieb Friedrich Schniebes, 1790. p. 81. Retrieved 13 May 2011 from http://www.cpebach.org/cpeb/resources.html〕 Others have speculated that the subject of this article (the "''Weimarer Passion''") would be the fifth Passion setting discussed in the Obituary. Others have speculated that this Passion setting is in reality not an Oratorio Passion at all, but rather a Passion Oratorio setting of a text by Christian Friedrich Henrici entitled "Erbauliche Gedanken auf den Gruenen Donnerstag und Charfreitag ueber den Leidenden Jesum" (a part of his 1725 text cycle ''Sammlung erbaulicher Gedancken über und auf die gewöhnlichen Sonn- und Festtage'').
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